“Peculiar Ice-forms”

Diversity of Holocene life forms in fossil glacier ice.

Studies of biotic remains of polar ice caps have been limited to morphological identification of plant pollen and spores. By using sensitive molecular techniques, we now demonstrate a much greater range of detectable organisms; from 2000- and 4000-year-old ice-core samples, we obtained and characterized 120 clones that represent at least 57 distinct taxa and reveal a diversity of fungi, plants,...

Five peculiar theorems on simultaneous representation of primes by quadratic forms

It is a theorem of Kaplansky that a prime p ≡ 1 (mod 16) is representable by both or none of x2 + 32y2 and x2 + 64y2, whereas a prime p ≡ 9 (mod 16) is representable by exactly one of these binary quadratic forms. In this paper five similar theorems are proved. As an example, one theorem states that a prime p ≡ 1 (mod 20) is representable by both or none of x2 + 20y2 and x2 + 100y2, whereas a p...

Peculiar Galaxies

Klun+ Peculiar Velocity Survey

The enhanced Kinematics of the Local Universe (KLUN+) galaxy sample is a collection of galaxies suitable for Tully-Fisher (TF) or Faber-Jackson (FJ) distance estimation. Here we extract a subsample of 6229 KLUN+ galaxies closer than 80h −1 Mpc, and calculate their distances and peculiar velocities with the Iterative Normalized Distance method. Within this method we can derive an analytical form...

Contrast and Peculiar Velocity

Concepts like peculiar velocity, gravitational force, and power spectrum and their interrelationships are of utmost importance in the theories of structure formation. The observational implementation of these concepts is usually based on the Newtonian hydrodynamic equations, but used up to scales where general relativistic effects come in. Using a perturbation of FRW metric in harmonic gauge, w...